War: the permanent commission of the Navy Department -- Cleveland Abbe at Pulkovo: theory and practice in the nineteenth-century physical sciences -- Alexander Dallas Bache: science and technology in the American idiom -- (and Arthur P. Molella) Theorists and ingenious mechanics: Joseph Henry defines science -- Joseph Henry on the scientific life: an AAAS presidential address of 1850 -- Graduate school and doctoral degree: European models and American realities National science policy in a private foundation: the Carnegie Institution of Washington -- The case of the disappearing laboratory -- Refugee mathematicians in the United States of America, 1933-1941: reception and reaction -- Vannevar Bush's new deal for research; or, the triumph of the old order -- Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer meets the atom bomb -- Uniformity as hidden diversity: history of science in the United States, 1920-1940 -- Science, scientists, and historians of science -- Through paradigm-land to a normal history of science.